Table of Contents
What is instrumental conditioning with example?
Examples of Instrumental Conditioning For example, if a student is rewarded with praise every time she raises her hand in class, she becomes more likely to raise her hand again in the future. If she is also scolded when she speaks out of turn, she becomes less likely to interrupt the class.
What type of conditioning did Thorndike use?
operant conditioning
Edward Thorndike (1898) is famous in psychology for his work on learning theory that lead to the development of operant conditioning within Behaviorism. Whereas classical conditioning depends on developing associations between events, operant conditioning involves learning from the consequences of our behavior.
What is the instrumental learning theory?
Operant conditioning (also known as Instrumental learning) is a theory which assumes that you can learn human beings things by conditioning them by consequences. The original response will be influenced by a following consequence, which will change the future probability of that response.
What is the difference between classical conditioning theory and instrumental conditioning theory?
Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs by linking two stimuli together to produce a new learned response in an individual, while instrumental conditioning is a learning process that occurs by linking behaviour and a consequence for that behaviour.
What are different elements of instrumental conditioning?
There are 4 elements that describe operant conditioning:
- positive reinforcement;
- negative reinforcment;
- punishment;
- extinction.
Why it is called instrumental conditioning?
Operant, or instrumental, conditioning is so called because, in making their responses, learners provide the instrument by which a problem is solved. Such learning is more important to schoolwork, for teachers are concerned ultimately with drawing forth new responses from their students.
What is the difference between operant and instrumental conditioning?
In Instrumental Conditioning, the focus is on the S and how it affects the response. In Operant conditioning, what follows the response is the most important. That is, the consequent stimulus. Thus, you have a Stimulus that causes a Response, which is in turn followed, by a consequent stimulus.
In what ways do the theories of Pavlov and Thorndike become similar and different?
The main difference between these two theories was that Thorndike included rewarding situations in his theory, whereas Pavlov studied only reflex responses to stimuli.
Why is Thorndike instrumental learning?
Thorndike’s research focused on instrumental learning, which means that learning is developed from the organism doing something. For example, he placed a cat inside a wooden box. The cat would use various methods while trying to get out, however nothing would work until it hit the lever.
What are the three laws of learning by Thorndike?
Edward Thorndike developed the first three laws of learning: readiness, exercise, and effect.